BABUR [ 1483-1530 ]
HUMAYUN [ 1530-1556 ]
JALALUDDIN AKBAR [1556-1605 ]
JAHANGIR [1605-1627 ]
SHAHJAHAN [1628-1666 ]
AURANGZEB [1658-1707 ]
Tuesday, June 24, 2008
THE MUGHAL EMPIRE
BABUR [ 1483-1530 ]
HUMAYUN [ 1530-1556 ]
JALALUDDIN AKBAR [1556-1605 ]
JAHANGIR [1605-1627 ]
SHAHJAHAN [1628-1666 ]
AURANGZEB [1658-1707 ]
Sunday, June 22, 2008
mughal paintings
Mughal painting is a particular style of Indian painting, generally confined to miniatures either as book illustrations or as single works to be kept in albums, which emerged from Persian miniature painting, with Indian influences, and developed during the period of the Mughal Empire (16
th -19th centuries).
Genesis-
When the second Mughal emperor, Humayun (reigned 1530-1540 and 1555-1556) was in Tabriz in the Safavid court of Shah Tahmasp I, he was exposed to Persian miniature painting. When Humayun returned to India, he brought with him two accomplished Persian artists, Sayyid Ali and Abdus Samad. Their works, and the assimilation of local styles during succeeding decades, gave shape to a distinct style, which became known as Mughal painting. The Tutinama (literal meaning “Tales of a Parrot”), now in the Cleveland Museum of Art, is among the earliest examples of Mughal painting. The manuscript was made in the reign of Humayun's son, Akbar (r. 1556-1605).
Themes
Mughal painting was rich in variety and included portraits, events and scenes from court life, wild life and hunting scenes, and illustrations of battles. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London has a large and remarkable collection of Mughal paintings.
Development
Mughal painting developed and flourished during the reigns of Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.
During the reign of Akbar (1556-1605), the imperial court, apart from being the centre of administrative authority to manage and rule the vast Mughal empire, also emerged as a centre of cultural excellence. Mughal painting thrived and hundreds of painters created innumerable paintings depicting scenes from various Hindu epics including the Ramayana and the Mahabharata; themes with animal fables; individual portraits; and paintings on scores of different themes. Mughal style during this period continued to refine itself with elements of realism and naturalism coming to the fore.
Jahangir (1605-27) had an artistic inclination and during his reign Mughal painting developed further. Brushwork became finer and the colors lighter. He particularly encouraged paintings depicting events of his own life, individual portraits, and studies of birds, flowers and animals. The Jahangirnama , written during his lifetime, which is a biographical account of Jahangir, has several paintings, including some unusual subjects such as the sexual union of a saint with a tigress, and fights between spiders.
During the reign of Shah Jahan (1628-58), Mughal paintings continued to develop, but they gradually became cold and rigid. Themes including musical parties; lovers, sometimes in intimate positions, on terraces and gardens; and ascetics gathered around a fire, abound in the Mughal paintings of this period.
Govardhan was a noted painter during the reigns of Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.
Decline
Aurangzeb (1658-1707) did not actively encourage Mughal paintings, but as this art form had gathered momentum and had a number of patrons, Mughal paintings continued to survive, but the decline had set in. Some sources however note that a few of the best Mughal paintings were made for Aurangzeb, speculating that the painters may have realized that he was about to close the workshops and thus exceeded themselves in his behalf.[1] A brief revival was noticed during the reign of Muhammad Shah (1719-48), and by the time of Shah Alam II (1759-1806), the art of Mughal painting had lost its glory. By that time, other schools of Indian painting had developed, including, in the royal courts of the Rajput kingdoms of Rajputana, Rajput painting and in the cities ruled by the British East India Company, the Company style under Western influence
This painting portrays the famous Mughal Emperor Babur Hunting,
This painting thing continues to take too much (all) of my time. Here's my attempt at a mythical Ayodhya, based on a Mughal painting. As an experiment, I tried detailing with India ink. I probably won't do that again. In this composite I re-used trees and the background. Gotta paint more backgrounds. Ugh. Patience is not one of my virtues
Mughal painting of a woman painting a lotus. The print has a dark brown frame and is laminated with a matte finish. Please note that the image may look a little bit distorted but that is due to the photo taken, not the actual product
Rich in Mughal-style artistry, this painting by Narendra K. Soni evidences life in ancient times. A royal couple share a moment of intimacy and relaxation under the last light of day. Soni's care for detail is exceptional, he paints the scene with natural dyes on handmade paper and sets it within a 24K gold-painted border.
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and is also a UNESCO World Heritage site . The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, built entirely of white marble. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. Taj Mahal was built as a mausoleum by Emperor Shah Jahan (died 1666 A.D.) in the memory of his dear wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal at Agra, India. It is an "sheer poetry in marble". The grave of queen Mumtaz Mahal is placed in the lower chamber which is now no longer open for public viewing. The grave of Shah Jahan was added to it later. The queen’s real name was Arjumand Banu. In the tradition of the Mughals, important ladies of the royal family were given another name at their marriage or at some other significant event in their lives, and that new name was commonly used by the public. Shah Jahan's real name was Shahab-ud-din, and he was known as Prince Khurram before ascending to the throne in 1628.
Gem-Stone-Mughal
Emperor Shah Jehan in darbar, Gouache on paper,c 17th century A.D.
meets a young woman at a well and asks for water. He also praises her beauty and at this she rebukes him sternly and rushes back home. On her arrival at home, her mother asks her to put on her best clothes and ornaments as her husband had come. She puts on the best of her finery and goes to meet her husband. To her amazement, she finds that he is the same person who met her at the well. Guilty of the harsh words she had spoken to him at the well, she attempts reconciliation and soon all misunderstandings are dissolved and they live happily afterwards as a loving couple.
Mughal miniatures from the land of the royalty are famous for their intricate work. A specialty of Rajasthan, Phad is painted in bold colours. Pichvai, the cloth painting used as a backdrop in temples is also made in Rajasthan
The feast of mughal badshah's special court, painting in the Mughal miniature style, early 17th century.
party time in the good old days cf the Mughals
mughal period instumental sound by some women
th -19th centuries).Genesis-
When the second Mughal emperor, Humayun (reigned 1530-1540 and 1555-1556) was in Tabriz in the Safavid court of Shah Tahmasp I, he was exposed to Persian miniature painting. When Humayun returned to India, he brought with him two accomplished Persian artists, Sayyid Ali and Abdus Samad. Their works, and the assimilation of local styles during succeeding decades, gave shape to a distinct style, which became known as Mughal painting. The Tutinama (literal meaning “Tales of a Parrot”), now in the Cleveland Museum of Art, is among the earliest examples of Mughal painting. The manuscript was made in the reign of Humayun's son, Akbar (r. 1556-1605).
Themes
Mughal painting was rich in variety and included portraits, events and scenes from court life, wild life and hunting scenes, and illustrations of battles. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London has a large and remarkable collection of Mughal paintings.Development
Mughal painting developed and flourished during the reigns of Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.
During the reign of Akbar (1556-1605), the imperial court, apart from being the centre of administrative authority to manage and rule the vast Mughal empire, also emerged as a centre of cultural excellence. Mughal painting thrived and hundreds of painters created innumerable paintings depicting scenes from various Hindu epics including the Ramayana and the Mahabharata; themes with animal fables; individual portraits; and paintings on scores of different themes. Mughal style during this period continued to refine itself with elements of realism and naturalism coming to the fore.
Jahangir (1605-27) had an artistic inclination and during his reign Mughal painting developed further. Brushwork became finer and the colors lighter. He particularly encouraged paintings depicting events of his own life, individual portraits, and studies of birds, flowers and animals. The Jahangirnama , written during his lifetime, which is a biographical account of Jahangir, has several paintings, including some unusual subjects such as the sexual union of a saint with a tigress, and fights between spiders.
During the reign of Shah Jahan (1628-58), Mughal paintings continued to develop, but they gradually became cold and rigid. Themes including musical parties; lovers, sometimes in intimate positions, on terraces and gardens; and ascetics gathered around a fire, abound in the Mughal paintings of this period.
Govardhan was a noted painter during the reigns of Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.
Decline
Aurangzeb (1658-1707) did not actively encourage Mughal paintings, but as this art form had gathered momentum and had a number of patrons, Mughal paintings continued to survive, but the decline had set in. Some sources however note that a few of the best Mughal paintings were made for Aurangzeb, speculating that the painters may have realized that he was about to close the workshops and thus exceeded themselves in his behalf.[1] A brief revival was noticed during the reign of Muhammad Shah (1719-48), and by the time of Shah Alam II (1759-1806), the art of Mughal painting had lost its glory. By that time, other schools of Indian painting had developed, including, in the royal courts of the Rajput kingdoms of Rajputana, Rajput painting and in the cities ruled by the British East India Company, the Company style under Western influence
This painting portrays the famous Mughal Emperor Babur Hunting,
This painting thing continues to take too much (all) of my time. Here's my attempt at a mythical Ayodhya, based on a Mughal painting. As an experiment, I tried detailing with India ink. I probably won't do that again. In this composite I re-used trees and the background. Gotta paint more backgrounds. Ugh. Patience is not one of my virtues
Mughal painting of a woman painting a lotus. The print has a dark brown frame and is laminated with a matte finish. Please note that the image may look a little bit distorted but that is due to the photo taken, not the actual product
Rich in Mughal-style artistry, this painting by Narendra K. Soni evidences life in ancient times. A royal couple share a moment of intimacy and relaxation under the last light of day. Soni's care for detail is exceptional, he paints the scene with natural dyes on handmade paper and sets it within a 24K gold-painted border.
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and is also a UNESCO World Heritage site . The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, built entirely of white marble. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. Taj Mahal was built as a mausoleum by Emperor Shah Jahan (died 1666 A.D.) in the memory of his dear wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal at Agra, India. It is an "sheer poetry in marble". The grave of queen Mumtaz Mahal is placed in the lower chamber which is now no longer open for public viewing. The grave of Shah Jahan was added to it later. The queen’s real name was Arjumand Banu. In the tradition of the Mughals, important ladies of the royal family were given another name at their marriage or at some other significant event in their lives, and that new name was commonly used by the public. Shah Jahan's real name was Shahab-ud-din, and he was known as Prince Khurram before ascending to the throne in 1628.
Gem-Stone-Mughal
Emperor Shah Jehan in darbar, Gouache on paper,c 17th century A.D.
meets a young woman at a well and asks for water. He also praises her beauty and at this she rebukes him sternly and rushes back home. On her arrival at home, her mother asks her to put on her best clothes and ornaments as her husband had come. She puts on the best of her finery and goes to meet her husband. To her amazement, she finds that he is the same person who met her at the well. Guilty of the harsh words she had spoken to him at the well, she attempts reconciliation and soon all misunderstandings are dissolved and they live happily afterwards as a loving couple.
Mughal miniatures from the land of the royalty are famous for their intricate work. A specialty of Rajasthan, Phad is painted in bold colours. Pichvai, the cloth painting used as a backdrop in temples is also made in Rajasthan
The feast of mughal badshah's special court, painting in the Mughal miniature style, early 17th century.
party time in the good old days cf the Mughals
mughal period instumental sound by some women
it was only natural to find a strong Mughal influence in the paintings here.
Prince going for hunting Camel & Elephant, Gem Art Painting
it have made during the reign of mughal emperor.
lights of mughal empire.
the mughal emperor's court.
Bird perched on rocks, Mughal painting, c. AD 1610; in the State Museum, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
The Fabric of Indian Art Origins of the Mughal Flowering Plant Motif.
A unique blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles, Mughal painting reached its golden age during the reigns of the emperors Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan in the 16th and 17th centuries. This gloriously illustrated book is the first to examine the Victoria and Albert Museum's remarkable collection of Mughal paintings, one of the finest in the world. Richly detailed battle scenes, scenes of court life, and lively depictions of the hunt were commissioned by the royal courts, along with a remarkable series of portraits, studies of wildlife, and decorative borders. The authoritative text contains much new research, and the beautifully reproduced color illustrations give this stunning volume wide appeal
The Art of Mughal India. Painting and Precious Objects.New York: Asia Society Inc., (1963). 179 pp. 4to. Cloth (hardback). First edition. Illus. with 13 tipped-in color & 66 b/w plates (some multipart), 6 figures, and 1 map. A near fine copy in a very good dust jacket with small tears to the spine, some soiling on rear panel. ¶ Errata slip and Asia Society invitation laid in loose. Covers Babur and Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, and the late emperors. Bibliography. Chronology. Notes. Offered for US$ 25.00 by: Kaaterskill Books - Book number: 30431See more books from our catalog: Asian Art
Cochin merchants began trading in spices such as black pepper and cardamom with the Jews, Arabs, the Dutch, Phoenicians, Portuguese, Chinese more than 600 years ago.
Cochin has a lot of remnants from the past still clinging on. The famous landmark in Cochin is a row of Chinese fishing nets at the mouth of the harbor leading to the Arabian sea. It is a blend of modern India on one hand and while the old quarter -- the Fort Kochi area and Mattancherry area -- maintains a colonial air.
Now Cochin includes Ernakulam city, Willingdon Island, Fort Kochi, Mattancherry, Kumbalangi and outlying islands
Cochin is comparatively cleaner and quieter than many other Indian tourist places. Having said that, Cochin is still a health and sanitation problem. Trash and rubbish litter most public areas. The infrastructure of proper sidewalks and grey water control remains a problem. Be careful walking especially at night as poorly lit areas and multi-level sidewalks are common. Often gaping holes could land you in a puddle.
This area boasts of hundreds of islands, some even uninhabited, and is part of the Backwaters of Kerala. A famous island is that of Boghatty (local name Mulavukad) where the Dutch built a palace. This palace was later used as house of the British Resident administrator. Right now the Dutch Palace is a tourist hotel, and you are welcome to live there as guest.
Rainy season is from June to September. Temperature 22-34° C depending on season. Use mosquito repellent cream while traveling during night, and consider a mosquito net for sleeping.
a young Sikh woman, marries a wealthy landowner
nabab with the officer of east india company.
Lovers by a Tree Mughal, Muhammad Shah period, about 1725Opaque watercolor and gold on paper * San Diego Museum of Art, Edwin Binney 3rd Collection, 1990:382 *Courtesy, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Prince going for hunting Camel & Elephant, Gem Art Painting
Mugal Queen-Indian Miniature Painting
a queen of mughal emperor.....
the king of mughal emperor with her king.
lights of mughal empire.
the mughal emperor's court.
Bird perched on rocks, Mughal painting, c. AD 1610; in the State Museum, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
The Fabric of Indian Art Origins of the Mughal Flowering Plant Motif.
A unique blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles, Mughal painting reached its golden age during the reigns of the emperors Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan in the 16th and 17th centuries. This gloriously illustrated book is the first to examine the Victoria and Albert Museum's remarkable collection of Mughal paintings, one of the finest in the world. Richly detailed battle scenes, scenes of court life, and lively depictions of the hunt were commissioned by the royal courts, along with a remarkable series of portraits, studies of wildlife, and decorative borders. The authoritative text contains much new research, and the beautifully reproduced color illustrations give this stunning volume wide appeal
The Art of Mughal India. Painting and Precious Objects.New York: Asia Society Inc., (1963). 179 pp. 4to. Cloth (hardback). First edition. Illus. with 13 tipped-in color & 66 b/w plates (some multipart), 6 figures, and 1 map. A near fine copy in a very good dust jacket with small tears to the spine, some soiling on rear panel. ¶ Errata slip and Asia Society invitation laid in loose. Covers Babur and Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, and the late emperors. Bibliography. Chronology. Notes. Offered for US$ 25.00 by: Kaaterskill Books - Book number: 30431See more books from our catalog: Asian Art
Cochin merchants began trading in spices such as black pepper and cardamom with the Jews, Arabs, the Dutch, Phoenicians, Portuguese, Chinese more than 600 years ago.
Cochin has a lot of remnants from the past still clinging on. The famous landmark in Cochin is a row of Chinese fishing nets at the mouth of the harbor leading to the Arabian sea. It is a blend of modern India on one hand and while the old quarter -- the Fort Kochi area and Mattancherry area -- maintains a colonial air.
Now Cochin includes Ernakulam city, Willingdon Island, Fort Kochi, Mattancherry, Kumbalangi and outlying islands
Cochin is comparatively cleaner and quieter than many other Indian tourist places. Having said that, Cochin is still a health and sanitation problem. Trash and rubbish litter most public areas. The infrastructure of proper sidewalks and grey water control remains a problem. Be careful walking especially at night as poorly lit areas and multi-level sidewalks are common. Often gaping holes could land you in a puddle.
This area boasts of hundreds of islands, some even uninhabited, and is part of the Backwaters of Kerala. A famous island is that of Boghatty (local name Mulavukad) where the Dutch built a palace. This palace was later used as house of the British Resident administrator. Right now the Dutch Palace is a tourist hotel, and you are welcome to live there as guest.
Rainy season is from June to September. Temperature 22-34° C depending on season. Use mosquito repellent cream while traveling during night, and consider a mosquito net for sleeping.
a young Sikh woman, marries a wealthy landowner
nabab with the officer of east india company.
Lovers by a Tree Mughal, Muhammad Shah period, about 1725Opaque watercolor and gold on paper * San Diego Museum of Art, Edwin Binney 3rd Collection, 1990:382 *Courtesy, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
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